The moment is the turning effect of the force and can be increased by increasing the length of the instrument being used or the amount of force being used.- moment = force x perpendicular distance from pivot
- The force exerted is known as the effort, the object is called the load, and the pivot the turning point.
- The centre of mass or the centre of gravity is an imaginary point within an object where we say the weight is acting.
- An object is in equilibrium when the centre of mass lies directly under the point of suspension.
- The turning effect causes an object in non-equilibrium to move back into equilibrium.
- The pivot doesn’t have to be in the centre of an object for a moment to be in balance.
- sum of all clockwise moments about a point = sum of all anti-clockwise moments
- W1 x D1 = W2 x D2
- All objects have a certain stability.
- When the weight’s line of action is outside the base of the object it topples over.
When an object is moving in a circular direction at a constant speed at any moment its velocity is continuously changing direction as it moves around in the circle and the velocity is directed to the circle of direction along a tangent.
The moment is the turning effect of the force and can be increased by increasing the length of the instrument being used or the amount of force being used.
When an object is moving in a circular direction at a constant speed at any moment its velocity is continuously changing direction as it moves around in the circle and the velocity is directed to the circle of direction along a tangent.- The force being placed on the object acts towards the centre of the circle as is called the centripetal force.
- All object exert a gravitational force on each other.
- Gravity is a force of attraction, increases as the mass of the objects increases and decreases as the distance between the objects increases.
- Objects orbit objects larger than themselves.
- There’s a centripetal force present due to the gravitational forces of attraction between the larger object and the smaller ones.
- The planets further from the Sun travel at a slower speed because the gravitational force is weaker.
- Like planets, the further away a satellite is to Earth, the slower it travels.
- Satellites need to be travelling at the right speed in order to start orbiting the Earth.