• If waste isn’t handled properly it usually leads to some form of pollution in the wider Environments.
• Deforestation is the loss of naturally occurring forests.
• Large scale deforestation can lead to an increased amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
• An increase in carbon dioxide contributes to the greenhouse effect.
• Deforestation can also lead to a reduction in biodiversity.
• Peat bogs are being destroyed and so people are being encouraged to use peat-free compost.
• Global warming has been shown to have many negative consequences.
• Carbon sequestration is one way of getting rid of excess carbon dioxide and pumping it as a liquid into the sea.
• Biofuels are a renewable source of fuel which are produced by the fermentation of natural products.
• Biogas generators produce methane and range from small to industrially large in size.
• In a food chain less energy is present the further up the chain you go.
• Ways to reduce the amount of energy lost is to shorten the food chain or reducing the amount lost to the surroundings.
• ‘Food miles’ refer to how far your food had to travel so that you can buy it in your local supermarket.
• To prevent species from becoming extinct sustainable food production is very important.

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TEST IT!

1. Deforestation is happening all over the world in order to make room for crops.

a) When trees are burnt down what gas is released into the atmosphere?

i. carbon dioxide

ii. oxygen

iii. methane

b) Write down two other reasons why deforestation occurs.

i. _______________________________________

ii. _______________________________________

2. Today, we are more aware of the different ways in which we can pollute less and help the environment more. List 1 is three different ways in which we can do that. List 2 is the positive end result. Match up the method to the end result.

use less pesticides in the soil less forests are cut down

raise less cattle for food rivers running through farmland are less polluted

recycle more paper less methane is released into the atmosphere

3. Cod has been overfished and so there are fears that it may soon become extinct. One way to stop this from happening is to enforce fishing quotas.

a) Explain how fishing quotas help the situation.

b) Name another way fish stocks can be preserved.

4. Biogas generators are affected by the climate.

a) What happens in a biogas generator?

b) Biogas generators can be found in Africa. Here the temperature can reach over 40