• Most animal and plant cells contain a cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes and cytoplasm
• Plant and algal cells can also contain a cell wall, chloroplasts and a vacuole.
• Bacteria and yeast are single-celled organisms.
• Specialisation is the process in which a cell develops a specific function.
• Diffusion is the process in which gas or liquid particles more from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

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TEST IT!

1. Name two differences between bacteria and animal cells.

i. ____________________________________________

ii. ____________________________________________

2. Green plants have cells in their leaves which are adapted to carry out the process of photosynthesis.

a) In what way are they specialised to do it?

i. they contain a large number of chloroplasts

ii. the cells contain cytoplasm

iii. they contain a lot of mitochondria

b) Write down two ways a plant cell differs from an animal cell.

i. ____________________________________________

ii. ____________________________________________

3. Animal and plant cells have different parts.

a) Name a cell found in plants not animals.

b) Name a cell in male animals which is adapted for swimming.

c) Name a cell which has a large surface to volume ratio.